Scientific Name:
Terminalia anogeissiana / Anogeissus latifolia
Common Name:
Axle Wood Tree
Plant Form:
Medium to large deciduous tree with spreading crown.
Native/Exotic/Introduced:
Native to India (including Maharashtra).
Distribution:
Occurs along riverbanks across India; common in Maharashtra riparian zones.
Plant Characteristics:
Coriaceous leaves, white/cream flowers, winged seeds; thick, fissured bark.
Required Growth conditions:
Prefers moist alluvial soils near streams and rivers; tolerates seasonal flooding.
Habitat:
Riparian zones, riverbanks and moist deciduous forests.
Conservation Status:
Least Concern (IUCN).
Dispersal:
Wind and water dispersal of winged seeds.
Pollinators:
Generalist insect pollinators (bees, flies).
Medicinal Information:
Well-known Ayurvedic cardiac tonic; bark used for cardiac and liver-related treatments.
Bird Host Plant:
Provides habitat and perches; birds may use seeds/fruit.
Butterfly Host Plant:
Flowers visited by generalist butterflies; no specialist larval hosts documented.
Moth Host Plant:
Some generalist moths feed on leaves; specialist lists limited.
Ecological Significance:
Stabilizes riverbanks and supports riparian biodiversity; high medicinal value.
Cultural Significance:
Medicinally important and culturally valued; often associated with rituals near rivers.
Air Pollution Tollerance Index (APTI):
Local studies suggest tolerance in urban plantings; no single authoritative ATPI number.
Other Uses:
Timber, medicinal extracts, ornamental riparian planting.